Elijah Mack – Senate District 21
Mack is a college student and libertarian activist. He is a first-time candidate for state office.
Palm Springs City Council Member
Lisa Middleton is a member of the Palm Springs City Council and its former Mayor. She was the first and only openly transgender Mayor in California history. Middleton also serves on the Riverside County Transportation Commission, and was appointed by Governor Newsom to the California Public Employees Retirement System (CalPERS) Board of Administration.
Council Member Middleton’s public safety platform touts her law enforcement endorsements, which include the Palm Springs Police Officers Association. Her platform highlights her support for “...increasing the number of first responders to reduce emergency response times” and to “...keep weapons of war off our streets and out of the hands of criminals.” She has previously noted that the city budget for Palm Springs remains high because it is one of the only desert cities that has its own independent police department, wherein 40% of city payroll goes towards pensions including for law enforcement. Additionally, Middleton proposed a Palm Springs city ordinance in July 2024 that would allow police officers to arrest people for camping on the street.
IJ Action is recommending a harm reduction vote for Lisa Middleton. Although her rhetoric is supportive of law enforcement and she has supported carceral approaches to homelessness in her home city of Palm Springs, we believe that she would be the less harmful choice compared to her opponent, current Senator Ochoa Bogh, who has consistently voted against justice reform in the Legislature.
Mack is a college student and libertarian activist. He is a first-time candidate for state office.
Senator Limón was first elected to the State Senate in 2020 after serving two terms in the State Assembly.
Senator Ochoa Bogh was first elected to the California State Senate in 2020, after working for years as an English teacher and briefly as a real estate agent.